Embracing Strength: Overcoming Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction with Courage and Hope

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) is a condition that affects the pelvic region and can lead to discomfort and pain, particularly in pregnant women. It occurs when there is excessive movement or misalignment of the pubic symphysis joint, which connects the two pelvic bones at the front of the pelvis. While SPD is commonly associated with pregnancy, it can also impact non-pregnant individuals, including men and women, athletes, or those who have experienced pelvic trauma.

In this comprehensive article, we aim to shed light on five common questions surrounding Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction to provide a deeper understanding of this condition. We will explore its causes, who it affects, the typical symptoms experienced, how it is diagnosed, and the available treatment options. Additionally, we will delve into the possibility of giving birth naturally with SPD and discuss exercises that can help manage the condition.

Table of Contents

What causes symphysis pubis dysfunction?

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) is a condition that affects the pelvic region and is commonly associated with pregnancy. It can cause discomfort, pain, and limited mobility for those who experience it. In this article, we will answer five common questions about SPD to provide a comprehensive understanding of the condition and its management.

SPD occurs when there is excessive movement or misalignment of the pubic symphysis joint, which connects the two pelvic bones at the front of the pelvis. The exact cause is not always clear, but hormonal changes during pregnancy, such as increased levels of relaxin hormone, can lead to ligament laxity, contributing to SPD. Other factors like previous trauma, pelvic joint instability, or overuse can also trigger SPD in non-pregnant individuals.

Who does it affect?

While SPD is commonly associated with pregnancy, it can affect anyone. Pregnant women are more susceptible due to hormonal changes and increased pressure on the pelvis. However, non-pregnant individuals, including men and women, athletes, or those who have experienced pelvic trauma, can also develop SPD.

What does SPD feel like?

SPD can manifest differently in different individuals. Common symptoms include pain in the pelvic region, groin, lower back, hips, or thighs. Some people may experience clicking or grinding sensations in the pelvic area. Pain may worsen with activities that involve spreading the legs, such as walking, climbing stairs, or standing for prolonged periods.

How common is symphysis pubis dysfunction?

The prevalence of SPD varies, but it is estimated that up to one in four pregnant women may experience some degree of pelvic girdle pain, which includes SPD. In non-pregnant individuals, the incidence is lower but still present, particularly among those who engage in activities that put stress on the pelvic region.

Can you give birth naturally with symphysis pubis dysfunction?

Many women with SPD can still give birth vaginally, but the severity of the condition and individual circumstances play a significant role. Some women may opt for assisted delivery, such as using forceps or vacuum extraction, to reduce strain on the pelvic region during childbirth. In severe cases, a cesarean section may be recommended.

What are the symptoms?

As mentioned earlier, common symptoms of SPD include pelvic and groin pain, lower back pain, hip pain, and limited mobility. Pain can range from mild discomfort to severe and debilitating. In some cases, there may be swelling or bruising around the pubic area.

How is it diagnosed?

Diagnosing SPD involves a thorough physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history. The healthcare provider may also use imaging techniques like X-rays or MRI to assess the pelvic joint’s alignment and rule out other potential causes of the symptoms.

How is symphysis pubis dysfunction treated?

Treatment for SPD aims to manage pain and improve functionality. Below are some options available in the field:

Physical therapy: Targeted exercises to strengthen pelvic muscles and stabilize the joint.
Pain relief: Medications like acetaminophen are generally safe during pregnancy and can help manage pain.
Supportive devices: A pelvic support belt or crutches may be recommended to reduce pressure on the joint.
Rest and activity modification: Avoiding activities that exacerbate pain and taking regular breaks to rest.
Heat or cold therapy: Applying heat or cold packs can help alleviate discomfort.

How can I prevent symphysis pubis dysfunction?

While not all cases can be prevented, certain measures can reduce the risk of developing SPD, such as:

Maintaining a healthy and balanced diet to support the pelvic region during pregnancy.
Engaging in regular, low-impact exercise to strengthen pelvic muscles and promote joint stability.
Using proper body mechanics when lifting heavy objects or performing strenuous activities.

What exercises can I do with symphysis pubis dysfunction?

While exercise is beneficial, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider or physical therapist for personalized recommendations. Some exercises that may help include:

Pelvic Tilts: Pelvic tilts involve lying on your back with bent knees and gently tilting the pelvis forward and backward. This exercise helps strengthen the pelvic floor muscles and improves pelvic stability.

2. Kegel Exercises: Kegel exercises focus on contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles. These exercises can enhance pelvic muscle strength and help alleviate SPD symptoms.

3. Leg Slides: Leg slides are performed while lying on your back with bent knees. Gently slide one leg away from your body and then back to the starting position. This exercise engages the core and pelvic muscles, promoting stability in the pelvic region.

4. Wall Squats: Wall squats involve leaning against a wall with your feet shoulder-width apart and slowly lowering into a squatting position. This exercise strengthens the lower body, including the pelvic muscles, without putting excessive pressure on the joints.

Remember, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider or physical therapist before starting any exercise regimen, especially if you have SPD. They can tailor an exercise plan to suit your specific condition and help you safely manage your symptoms. Regular practice of these exercises, in conjunction with proper treatment, may contribute to improved pelvic stability and reduced discomfort associated with Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction.

Does symphysis pubis dysfunction go away after delivery?

In some cases, SPD may resolve on its own after childbirth as hormone levels return to normal, and ligaments regain their stability. However, for others, the condition may persist for weeks or even months postpartum. Proper treatment and postnatal care are essential for recovery.

What is the difference between Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction and Pubic Symphysis Diastasis?

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD) and Pubic Symphysis Diastasis (PSD) are sometimes used interchangeably, but they are different conditions.

SPD refers to excessive movement or misalignment of the pubic symphysis joint, while PSD involves a separation of the pubic bones.

PSD is often associated with significant trauma or injury to the pelvis, and its treatment may involve surgical intervention.

Conclusion

Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction can be a challenging condition, especially for pregnant women. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help individuals manage the pain and discomfort associated with SPD. If you suspect you have SPD or experience pelvic pain, consult a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.

References

Howell ER. Pregnancy-related symphysis pubis dysfunction management and postpartum rehabilitation: two case reports. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2012 Jun;56(2):102-11. PMID: 22675223; PMCID: PMC3364059.
Howell ER. Pregnancy-related symphysis pubis dysfunction management and postpartum rehabilitation: two case reports. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2012 Jun;56(2):102-11. PMID: 22675223; PMCID: PMC3364059.
Jill Depledge and others, Management of Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction During Pregnancy Using Exercise and Pelvic Support Belts, Physical Therapy, Volume 85, Issue 12, 1 December 2005, Pages 1290–1300, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/85.12.1290
Jain, Smita & Eedarapalli, Padma & Jamjute, Pradumna & Sawdy, Robert. (2006). Symphysis pubis dysfunction: A practical approach to management. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 8. 10.1576/toag.8.3.153.27250.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can symphysis pubis dysfunction cause long-term complications?

While most cases of SPD improve with proper treatment, some individuals may experience lingering symptoms. Seeking early intervention and following a healthcare provider’s recommendations can minimize the risk of long-term complications.

2. Is it safe to use a symphysis pubis dysfunction belt during pregnancy?

A symphysis pubis dysfunction belt can provide support and alleviate pain for some pregnant women. However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before using any supportive device to ensure it is safe and appropriate for your specific condition.

3. Can men get symphysis pubis dysfunction?

Yes, while SPD is more commonly associated with pregnant women, men can also develop the condition due to pelvic trauma or overuse. If you experience pelvic pain or discomfort, regardless of gender, seek medical evaluation and guidance.